Music Theory for the 21st-Century Classroom

Section 22.5 How to Recognize a Key After a Modulation

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   Look for recurring accidentals, then add them to the key signature to determine the new key

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      Lowered notes (like flats) usually create $\hat{4}$ (as do the flats in key signatures)
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      Raised notes (like sharps) often create $\hat{7}$, the leading tone

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         If there are multiple raised notes, look for the “sharpest of sharps” (in key signature order) to determine which sharp is acting as $\hat{7}$
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   If accidentals are canceled out, they indicate tonicizations or chromatic non-chord tones